What is Motherboard and How does it work?
What is Motherboard? You must have heard this before. Because even winning people use computers or do computer courses, they know about it. Maybe you are not already aware of this. And if you want to know about it, then I will tell you here what is motherboard. Just as a mother has many children, she keeps them all connected to each other, in the same way a motherboard holds every part of the computer system together. That’s why it is called motherboard. Winnings are also computer parts, everyone’s work is different but they work only when connected to the motherboard. If it is not connected to it then it cannot function.
A motherboard is the main Printed Circuit Board (PCB) of any computer. It is also known by different names like Base board, Main circuit board etc. Just as it is necessary for every part to be connected to the motherboard, in the same way, without some parts, it cannot function on its own. So every such important information which is related to the motherboard, we will know it through this post and will talk about it in detail. What is Motherboard? You will also be curious to know about Motherboard, then you know what is its history and how it works.
What is Motherboard?
In other words, the motherboard is the basis of the computer. Just as land is necessary to build a house, in the same way every part of the computer needs a base, which we know as the motherboard. This is a hub where all the parts of the computer are found. I have already told that computer motherboard is PCB (Printed Circuit Board) which connects other parts like hard disk, CPU, RAM, graphics card, TV card. Then it functions, for this it also provides proper electricity to them.
Motherboard is made of a very strong plastic sheet which is an insulator i.e. a poor conductor of electricity. In this sheet, a thin layer of copper or aluminum foil is printed, which we can see as a mark. These traced marks are very narrow and form circuits for different parts. Apart from these circuits, there are many sockets and slots in a motherboard which are used to connect all the other parts.
Main Components of Motherboard
Computer motherboards are also made up of different parts, knowing about which you can do small things related to the computer yourself. So let’s know how many parts are there in it.
Power Connectors:
To supply electricity to the central processing unit and other components, it has a power connector.
CPU Socket :
You must know that there is a processor in the computer, according to its capacity, the speed of the computer is running. The CPU socket itself helps to install the processor in the motherboard. This means that you must have understood that the CPU connects to the socket to connect to the motherboard. There are many pins on the socket at the bottom of the motherboard which act as connectors. It supplies electricity to the processor. Apart from this, it transfers the data to other components of the computer. If you ever want to update the processor, then you cannot do it in this socket. For this you also need to be aware of different socket types. Pentium (P1, P2, MMX), AMD K5/K6 Socket 370 : Pentium 3 processor, Intel Celeron Processor Socket 7775: Intel Dual Core, P4, Xeon Processor Socket 1156 : Intel i3, i5, i7 Processor Socket 3366 : i7 900 Processor
Input/Output ports :
In general, the input and output ports are on the rear side of the computer’s chasis. Input-output ports are typically provided for connecting monitors, printers, keyboards, speakers, microphones, Internet/networking cables, and many USB components.
BIOS :
The full form of BIOS is “Basic Input Output System” (Basic Input Output System), it is also a component installed in the motherboard which is in the form of an integrated chip. All its information and settings are stored in the BIOS. You can change the setting by going to the BIOS Mode.
CMOS Battery :
The full form of CMOS is “Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor”. This is a battery which is a 3.0 volt lithium cell.
RAM (Memory) Slots :
Any motherboard can have more than one slot to install RAM. This slot is near the CPU slot. In a way, RAM is the most important part of the motherboard, which we also know by the name of Random access memory. It is also called volatile memory, it is also a temporary memory in a way. These help in running the application. If a processor is fast and its RAM capacity is very high, then the application will run very smoothly.
IDE Connector :
Integrated Drive Electronics, also known as IDE in short, is used to connect hard disk drives to the motherboard.
SATA Connector :
The full form of SATA is Serial Advanced Technology Attachment. These are new types of connectors which have 7 pin interface. It is used to connect SATA hard disk and optical disk. These are faster and better than IDE connectors.
Expansion Card Slots :
Expansion card slots are used whenever you have to add a new component to the motherboard or update a part. Expansion slot helps in connecting the external card.
Storage Device Connectors:
Although we use hard disk drives, optical drives and floppy disk drives in computers, but with this we also use some other external storage devices so that we can store data and then later or in other computers. to use that data. For this we also need to connect this external storage device to the motherboard. Every motherboard has at least 2 storage device connectors available.
Co-Processor :
One of the most important components of a motherboard is the Co-Processor. It is in a way a helper of the main processor, which performs the task of mathematical calculations and computer graphics.
USB Port :
Every motherboard has a USB port so that we can connect external and storage devices like pen drives, printers.
PS/2 Connector :
This port is used to connect keyboard and mouse.
Game Port :
We use game ports to connect all types of gaming devices.
Parallel or LPT port :
Parallel port is used to connect scanner and printer.
Sound Card Connectors :
This port is very important for connecting audio devices such as speakers and microphones.
Display Connector :
With the help of this, we connect the computer monitor to the motherboard.
COM (Communication) port :
We use this port to connect devices like mouse and modem.
Function of computer motherboard in Hindi
Computer Circuitry :
Motherboard is the main circuit board of the computer, in which all the circuit boards and components important for the working of the computer are kept together. Paths are made in the circuit of the motherboard in which electricity flows as well as data is transferred from one component to another.
Components Hub :
The primary function of the motherboard is to act as a base on which the components of the computer are installed. It is like a hub where all the parts of the computer come and connect with each other such as the central processing unit (CPU), graphics card and system memory (RAM).
Data Traffic:
Motherboard acts as a communication hub. It manages the traffic of all the data information inside the computer system with the help of motherboard chipset. The motherboard chipset directs the data flow to the ccomponent as per the requirement.
Peripherals :
The motherboard allows every input and output device of a computer system to function. This increases the ability of the computer to complete many tasks. These devices include printers, keyboards, game controllers, external hard drives and audio jacks. To connect these devices to the computer, we plug them directly from the ports, sockets, connectors of the motherboard.
BIOS :
Motherboard has in-built RAM (Read Only Memory) and it is different from RAM which contains Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) of the computer. Its most important task is to manage the boot-up process of the computer. That is, when we turn on the power of our computer, then the BIOS itself completes the process of starting our computer system.
History of Motherboard
The motherboard that is installed in the computers we use today has evolved a lot. The computer motherboards used in the beginning used to be quite different from the motherboards of today. It has reached us after traveling a long way and a lot has been changed in it. So let’s know about the history of computer motherboard.
- In 1981, the IBM “Planer” breadboard was the first motherboard used in computer systems.
- In 1984, IBM came up with advanced technology that gave birth to today’s computer system. Due to the advanced technology, it became quite popular and it proved to be a standard motherboard that fits all types of desktops.
- Gigabyte was born in 1986, which was created by Ye Pei Cheng of Taiwan.
- In 1987, Elite Group became the world’s largest ECS board maker motherboard company.
- In 1989, a small company was formed by ACER’s appliance in Taiwan named Pegasus, which later became the world’s largest motherboard maker.
- Intel developed PAGA in 1993, whose full form is Plastic Pin Grid Array. It contributed to integrated circuit packaging.
- ATX form was released after AT in 1995. It was brought in by rectifying the drawbacks of the advanced technology.
- Intel itself started manufacturing motherboards from this year itself. Similarly, its reputation was very good, that is why it did not take much time to establish its market.
- Micro ATX boards were made in 1998, which were half the size of the ATX board.
- ITX Motherboards were made in 2001 which used to be very small.
- In 2005, Intel again extended the balance technology.
- In 2007, ASUS Tek became the world’s largest computer motherboard manufacturer.
- Mobile ITX board was manufactured in 2009. ITX was the smallest size motherboard whose size was 60*60 MM.
In short
In today’s post, you have learned what is Motherboard Definition English. Along with this, you also learned that What is motherboard and what are the parts of motherboard. Motherboard is one of the most important parts of the computer, which has come a long way to reach us. You have also read this journey here in the History of Motherboard in Hindi.
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